Why is selecting native coral species important for restoration?

Selecting native coral species for restoration is vital because these species possess specific adaptations that make them better suited to the local environmental conditions. Native corals are evolved to thrive in the unique water temperature, salinity, light availability, and ecological interactions found in their native habitats. This adaptation means they are often more resilient to local stressors, such as temperature fluctuations and diseases, compared to non-native species, which may struggle to establish and survive.

Additionally, native species contribute to the existing ecosystem processes and interactions, promoting biodiversity and aiding in the overall health and stability of the reef system. By restoring with native corals, efforts are more likely to lead to successful establishment and long-term sustainability, enhancing the ecosystem's resilience and capacity to recover from disturbances.

While factors like growth rate, maintenance requirements, and cultivation costs are important considerations, they do not fully account for the ecological significance and potential success of restoration projects, which fundamentally rely on the suitability of the species to their environment.