Which of the following is a metric for socio-economic monitoring?

Socio-economic monitoring focuses on understanding the interactions between human communities and their environment, particularly in terms of satisfaction, benefits derived from resources, and community engagement. Reef-user satisfaction is a key metric in this context because it assesses how the people who use and depend on coral reefs, such as fishermen, divers, and tourists, perceive the quality of their experience and the condition of the reef. High satisfaction indicates a potential for sustainable use and community support for conservation efforts.

In contrast, growth rates of coral, rugosity of the reef, and the number of juvenile coral species are primarily ecological metrics. They help assess the health and biological status of coral reef ecosystems rather than directly addressing socio-economic factors or human perceptions. Thus, they do not capture the socio-economic interactions that are critical for effective management and restoration strategies in coral reef environments.