What is the significance of genetic diversity in coral populations?

Genetic diversity in coral populations is crucial because it enhances the likelihood that some individuals will possess traits that allow them to survive and thrive under changing environmental conditions. This diversity acts as a buffer against a variety of stressors, including changes in temperature, salinity, and ocean acidity, as well as threats from diseases and predators. When genetic variation is present, it increases the adaptability of the population, enabling it to better cope with and recover from disturbances, which is essential for long-term resilience.

While enhancing the ability to withstand diseases is also a benefit of genetic diversity, and faster growth rates can be advantageous in some scenarios, the primary benefit linked to survival against varied environmental stressors places emphasis on how genetic variation is critical for overall resilience and adaptability. Reducing competition among coral species does not directly correlate with genetic diversity but rather relates to ecological interactions.