What are some potential effects of warming ocean temperatures on coral reefs?

Warming ocean temperatures significantly impact coral reefs, leading to increased bleaching events and ecosystem degradation. Coral bleaching occurs when corals, stressed by rising temperatures, expel the symbiotic algae (zooxanthellae) living in their tissues. These algae provide corals with food through photosynthesis and give them their vibrant colors. When the temperatures are too high, not only do the corals lose these algae, but they also become more susceptible to disease and mortality.

As bleaching events become more frequent and severe, the overall health of the coral reefs declines, resulting in reduced biodiversity. Many marine species rely on coral reefs for habitat and food, so as corals deteriorate, the entire ecosystem faces collapse. This situation can result in decreased fish populations and the loss of important ecological functions that reefs provide.

In contrast, other options suggest outcomes that would either imply positive effects or stabilization, which are typically not observed in relation to warming temperatures. While some coral species may exhibit some resilience to warming, the prevalent trends indicate a general decline in reef health due to climate change and rising ocean temperatures.